The effect of serious leisure and specialized recreational behaviors on spatial attachment with the mediating role of lifestyle among (athletic students of Maragheh city)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of serious leisure and specialized recreational behaviors on spatial attachment with the role of lifestyle mediation among (student-athletes in Maragheh). The nature of the present study is descriptive-survey and correlational. The sample size included 384 male and female student-athletes of Maragheh city who were randomly selected and classified into clusters. The sample size consisted of 384 male and female student-athletes of Maragheh city who were randomly selected and categorized. To collect data from the field of data collection in this study, Gold et al.'s (2011) Serious Leisure Questionnaire, Kyle et al.'s (2005) Spatial Attachment Questionnaire, McFarlane (1994) Recreation Specialization Questionnaire, and Lifestyle Questionnaire Khanfir, 1398, the validity of the questionnaires was confirmed and the reliability of the questionnaires (0.95, 0.79, 0.874 and 0.832) was obtained to analyze the data from SPSS software and smartpls3 Used. Also, structural equation analysis has been used to study the model. The results of data analysis showed that serious leisure time on spatial attachment with lifestyle mediation of 0.597 and in a positive direction, specialized recreational behaviors on spatial attachment with lifestyle mediation of 0.688 and in Positive and significant direction and serious leisure and specialized recreational behaviors have a positive and significant effect on spatial attachment with the role of lifestyle mediator at the rate of 0.697 among (student-athletes of Maragheh city).
 
Long Abstract
Introduction
Today's life, due to special circumstances, has made man a sensitive, immobile and very vulnerable person. Leisure time and how to spend it is one of the recent and new concepts that found its true meaning after the industrialization of societies and the growth of capitalism and the expansion of cities. In fact, with the development of various technologies in people's lives and its replacement instead of human resources, an opportunity was created for human beings to be able to use their time as they wish (Yari, 2011). Today, leisure time is one of the main and very important issues in the field of life, which with the approach of globalization and the emergence of a global village, this category has become a vital and inevitable necessity with very effective functions in the field of participation, social education and responsibility (Najafi, 2012). Adolescence and college periods are the peak years of leisure needs. Compared to other people, students have more free time, more opportunities, and perhaps fewer responsibilities, and face leisure as an opportunity to socialize and shape their identities. Also, at the present study, by examining the effect of each of the components in this study (serious leisure, perseverance, effort, job, identity and ethics) and recreational expertise (economic commitment, experience and lifestyle) in place attachment (place dependence, social link), we identify how students spend their leisure time (Heidari, 2019). Therefore, in the present study, the researcher intends to answer the question, to what extent do serious leisure and specialized recreational behaviors affect place attachment, with the role of lifestyle mediator among students of Maragheh city?
Research Method
The present research in terms of purpose and executive criteria, is applied research; In terms of strategy and implementation path, is descriptive-correlational research; and in terms of data collection method, it is one of the methods of documentary and field research. The time frame of the research is year 2019-2020, the location of the research is Maragheh city and the thematic range is the effect of serious leisure and specialized recreational behaviors on the place attachment of students in Maragheh city. The statistical population of this research is the students of Maragheh city. In this study, simultaneous cluster and stratified sampling method was used. The used questionnaires are: 1. Kyle place attachment questionnaire (2005), 2. Gould et al. (2011), serious leisure time, 3. Khanfir Lifestyle Questionnaire, 2019, 4. McFarlane Recreation Specialization Questionnaire (1994). SPSS and SMARTPLS statistical software were used in the statistical analysis process.
Data analysis
Findings showed that serious leisure time affects place attachment with the mediating role of lifestyle advertisements. Specialized recreational behaviors based on place attachment with mediating role, is a lifestyle. Serious leisure and specialized recreational behaviors affect place attachment with the role of lifestyle mediator. According to the interpretive model in structural equation modeling, the calculated t-values between all independent and dependent variables in the model are greater than 1.96 and are significant at the 99% level. In other words, they show the appropriateness of the structural model.
Conclusion
Considering the approval of the conceptual model of research in the statistical community and the subject of the effect of serious leisure and specialized recreational behaviors on place attachment with the role of lifestyle mediation among students in Maragheh, by using various tests, the following results were obtained, which are derived from the analysis of quantitative data and explanation of relationships.
Considering the differentiating function of lifestyle in today's societies, it seems that by using the indicators introduced in this study, it is possible to examine the differences between athletes and consider different and distinct lifestyles for them. Therefore, it is suggested that the role of place be considered more in leisure studies. According to the available entertainment programs, it is suggested that leisure service providers in the community be able to present sports projects and events in such a way that athletes can, in addition to the possibility of regular training in places, have more opportunities to interact and communicate with teammates, friends, family and other people in the community.
reference
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