بررسی عوامل ساختاری مؤثر بر دانش مربیان ورزش درباره وظایف قانونی آنان نسبت به ورزشکاران

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدریت ورزشی،واحد کرمانشاه،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،کرمانشاه،ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه،ایران.

چکیده

هدف از اجرای پژوهش حاضر، بررسی دانش مربیان رشته‌های ورزشی از وظایف قانونی آنان در قبال ورزشکاران بود.ابزار مورداستفاده در پژوهش دارای دو بخش بود که پس از اطلاعات جمعیت شناختی، در بخش اول، عوامل ساختاری شامل مدرک تحصیلی، درجه مربیگری، سابقه مربیگری، سابقه قهرمانی، سابقه قهرمانی (در سطح ملی یا بین‌المللی) و دارا بودن مدرک کمک‌های اولیه بررسی شد و در بخش دوم از یک پرسشنامه 48 سؤالی درزمینۀ دانش مربی از وظایف قانونی‌اش استفاده شد که دارای هفت بعد نظارت، آموزش، اماکن و تجهیزات، مراقبت پزشکی، همتاسازی بازیکنان، شناخت بازیکنان و هشدار خطر بود. به‌منظور جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، پرسشنامه دربین 460 مربی فعال در رشته‌های مختلف ورزشی به صورت تصادفی توزیع شد که درنهایت با حذف موارد ناقص یا مخدوش، 428 پرسشنامه موردبررسی قرار گرفت. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS انجام گرفت. نتایج آزمون تحلیل واریانس چندگانه نشان داد که مدرک تحصیلی تنها می‌تواند شناخت مربیان از بازیکنان را به‌طور معنی‌داری تحت تأثیر قرار دهد و درجه و سابقه مربیگری مربیان نتوانسته دانش مربیان را تحت تأثیر خود قرار دهد. همچنین، دارا بودن «سابقه قهرمانی» و «دارا بودن مدرک کمک‌های اولیه»، دانش مربیان را به ترتیب در بخش‌های «شناخت از بازیکنان» و «مراقبت پزشکی و هشدار خطر» تحت تأثیر قرار داده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Structural Factors Affecting Legal Knowledge of Coaches toward Athletes

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammad saeid kiani 1
  • Reza Afzali 2
  • Keivan Shabani Moghadam 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Sports Management, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 PhD student in Sports Management, Razi University of Kermanshah, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor of Sports Management, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge of sports coaches about their legal duties towards athletes. The tool used in the research has two parts: in the first section, the demographic characteristics include age, gender, degree, coaching, coaching history, field of sport, championship background, national and international championship background, and first aid certificate checked out.. In the second part, a questionnaire of 48 questions was used in the area of knowledge of coaches that has seven dimensions of supervision, training, facilities and equipment, medical care, matchmaking of players, recognition of players and hazard warning. In order to collect data, a questionnaire was distributed among 460 active coaches in various sports fields. Finally, with the elimination of imperfect or defective items, 428 questionnaires were examined. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 18. The results of multiple analyses of variances showed that the degree can only affect the instructors' recognition of the players and the degree and coaching history of coaches can not affect the knowledge of the coaches. Also, having "championship background" and "first aid certificate" has affected the coaches' knowledge in the areas of "recognition of players" and "medical care and hazard warning" respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • knowledge
  • sports coaches
  • legal responsibilities
  • athletes
Adram, Mojtaba (1398). Investigating and comparing the level of awareness of the coaches of the four selected sports fields of Ahvaz with the legal aspects of sports, M.Sc. Thesis, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, p. 95. (Persian).
Anderson, D. F. and Gill, K. S. (1983) Occupational Socialization Patterns of Men's and Women's Interscholastic Basketball Coaches. Journal of Sport Behavior, 6, 105-116.
Barron, M. J. (2017) The Assessment of First Aid and Injury Prevention Knowledge and the Decision Making of Youth Basketball, Soccer and Football Coaches. Master thesis. Michigan State University.
Barron, M. J., Powell, J. W., Ewing, M. E., Nogle, S. E. and Branta, C. F. (2016) First Aid and Injury Prevention Knowledge of Youth Basketball, Football, and Soccer Coaches. International Journal of Coaching Science, 3(1), 55-67.
Bezdicek, P. W. (2016) Risk Management Practices in High School Athletic Departments. Master thesis. University of Wisconsin – La Crosse.
Bonyan, Abbas. Kashif, Majid. (1398). Differences in legal awareness and civil liability of male and female sports coaches in sporting events. Applied Research in Sports Management. Volume 2. Number 4. pp: 79-90. (Persian).
Borkowski, R. P. (2017) Coaching Management. Retrieved fromhttp://www.momentummedia.com/articles/cm/cm1203/safelandings.htm.
Callary, B., Culver, D., Werthner, P., & Bales, J. (2017). An overview of seven national high performance coach education programs. International Sport Coaching Journal, 1(3), 152-164.‌
Carpenter, L. J. (2020) Legal Concepts in Sport: A Primer (3th ed.) Sagamore Publishing LLC, United States.
Carter, A. F. and Muller, R. (2020) A Survey of Injury Knowledge and Technical Needs of Junior Rugby Union Coaches in Townsville (North Queensland). Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 11 (2020), 167-173.
 Castro, L. (2017) Assessment of First Aid Knowledge and Decision Making of Coaches of Youth Soccer. Master thesis. San Jose State University.
Corso, M. E. (1992) Coaches' Perceptions of the Knowledge, Skills, and Experiences Necessary to Fulfill Their Coaching Role. PhD thesis. University of Northern Colorado.
Cregan, K., Bloom, Q. A. and Reid, G. (2017) Career Evolution and Knowledge of Elite Coaches of Swimmers with a Physical Disability. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 75, 339-350.
Cunningham, R. J. (2020) Perceptions of Coaches in Small Colleges Regarding Sport Law and Sport Injury. PhD thesis. University of North Dakota..
Demers, G., Woodburn, A. J. and Savard, C. (2018) The Development of an Undergraduate Competency-Based Coach Education Program. Sport Psychologist, 20(2), 162-173.
Doleschal, J. K. (2018) Managing Risk in Interscholastic Athletic Programs: 14 Legal Duties of Care. Marquette Sports Law Review, 17(1), 295- 339.
Duffy, P. (2020) Implementation of the Bologna Process and Model Curriculum Development in Coaching. In Petry K., Froberg K., Madella A. and Tokarsky W. (eds.) Higher Education in Sport in Europe. From labour market demand to training supply. Meyer & Meyer Sport, Maindenhead. 80-108.
Erickson, K., Côté, J. and Fraser-Thomas, J. (2017) The sport experiences, milestones, and educational activities associated with the development of high-performance coaches. The Sport Psychologist, 21, 302-316.
Faure, C. E. and Pemberton, C. L. A. (2017) An Examination of Idaho High School Football Coaches’ General Understanding of Concussion. The Sport Journal, 14(1).
Ghobadi Samani, Emad (1398). Civil Liability of Athletes and Sports Managers in the Iranian Legal System, M.Sc. Thesis, Tarbiat Moallem University, p.7. (Persian).
Gray, G. R. and McKinstrey, J. P. (2017) Risk Management Behaviors of NCAA Division III Head Football Coaches. Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport, 4, 63-71.
Gray, G. R. and Park, S. R. (1991) Risk Management Behaviors among Iowa High School Athletic Directors. Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport, 1, 57-65.
Greenberg, E. (2017). How Parkour Coaches Learn to Coach: An Exploration of Parkour Coach Learning and Development. Doctoral dissertation, University of Ottawa.‌
Gurchiek, L. R., Holbrook, J. E. and Erdmann, J. W. (1998) The Role of Today’s Coach in the Prevention and Care of Athletic Injuries. Kentucky Association of Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance Journal, 34(1), 36-38.
 Hosseinpour, Eskandar, Vajdani, Mohsen (1399). Sports Law and Hours of Physical Education in Schools, Journal of Physical Education, Volume 14, Number 3, pp. 32-41. (2) (Persian)
Johnson, T. (2020) Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding the Menstrual Cycle, Oral Contraceptives, and Sport PORT Performance: the Conceptualization and Development of a Questionnaire for Athletic Coaches. PhD thesis. Florida State University.
Madariani Nazari, Abbas. Rajab Hassani, Ameneh (1396). Analysis of individual and organizational factors influencing sports litigation, Organizational Behavior Management Studies in Sports, No. 14, pp. 67-53. (Persian).
Nelson, L. J., Cushion, C. J. and Potrac, P. (2018) Formal, Non-Formal and Informal Coach Learning: A Holistic Conceptualization. International Journal of Sport Science and Coaching, 1(3), 247-259.
Orr, B., Brown, C., Hemsing, J., McCormick, T., Pound, S., Otto, D., Emery, C. A. and Beaupre, L. A. (2017) Female Soccer Knee Injury: Observed Knowledge Gaps in Injury Prevention Among Players/Parents/Coaches and Current Evidence (the Know Study). Scand J Med Sci Sports, 1-10.
Ransone, J. and, Dunn-Bennett, L. R. (2019) Assessment of First-Aid Knowledge and Decision Making of High School Athletic Coaches. Journal of Athletic Training, 34(3), 267-271.
Sherman, M. and Hassan, J. (2013) Behavioral Studies of Youth Sport Coaches. In Piéron M. and Graham G. (Eds.) The 1984 Olympic Scientific Congress Proceedings Sport Pedagogy. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 103-108.
Singh, C. and Surujlal, J. (2017) Risk Management Practices of High School Sport Coaches and Administrators. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 32(1) 107-119.
Vallée, C. N. and Bloom, G. A. (2015) Building a successful program: Perspectives of Expert Canadian female coaches of team sports. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 17,179-196.