بررسی رابطه بین سطوح پیوستار انگیزش و میل به ادامه ورزش در دانش‌آموزان دختر نوجوان؛ رویکردی از نظریۀ خودتعیین گری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد رفتار حرکتی، گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزش ، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه رفتار حرکتی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی رابطۀ بین سطوح پیوستار انگیزش و میل به ادامه ورزش در دانش‌آموزان دختر نوجوان بود. 221 دانش‌آموز دختر نوجوان استان آذربایجان‌شرقی با دامنه سنی 12-18 سال در سال 1398- 99 به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند و پرسشنامه‌های تمایل به ادامۀ ورزش و تنظیم رفتار ورزشی را تکمیل کردند. داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده، به‌وسیلۀ نرم‌افزار spss24 مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان دادند که از بین عوامل سطوح انگیزش، عدم انگیزه به‌صورت منفی و انگیزۀ درونی و همچنین تنظیم شناسایی‌شده به‌صورت مثبت، توانایی پیش‌بینی میل به ادامه ورزش را دارند؛ اما سایر سطوح پیوستار انگیزش اعم از انگیزۀ بیرونی و تنظیم متمایل به درون توانایی پیش‌بینی میل به ادامه ورزش را ندارند. بر این اساس و به‌صورت کلی می‌توان گفت که در ایجاد میل به ادامۀ ورزش در دختران نوجوان، نوع انگیزۀ به وجود آمده در آنان در جریان کلاس‌های ورزش، می‌تواند عاملی پیش‌بینی کننده باشد.
 
چکیده بلند:
مقدمه
با توجه به اهمیت بررسی انگیزه در کلاس‌های ورزش مدارس به‌ویژه مدارس دختران نوجوان به‌موجب کم بودن فعالیت بدنی در این جامعه و ردۀ سنی و نیز نبود پیشینۀ تحقیقاتی در زمینۀ بررسی رابطۀ بین کل پیوستار انگیزش و میل به ادامۀ ورزش در دختران نوجوان، در پژوهش حاضر به بررسی رابطۀ بین نوع انگیزۀ به‌وجود آمده در دانش‌آموزان دختر نوجوان در کلاس‌های ورزشی مدارس و میل به ادامه ورزش در آینده پرداخته شد.
ابزار پژوهش
روش پژوهش حاضر، همبستگی است که به شیوۀ توصیفی و به‌صورت میدانی، با هدف کاربردی بودن انجام شد. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش، کلیۀ دانش‌آموزان دختر مقاطع متوسطۀ اول و دوم استان آذربایجان‌شرقی بودند که در این پژوهش، به شیوۀ نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای از دو شهرستان استان شامل شهرستان‌های خواجه و آذرشهر و در ادامه از سه مدرسۀ مقطع دبیرستان (مقاطع متوسطه‌ی اول و دوم) شهرهای نامیده شده 221 نفر از دانش‌آموزان دختر که در سال 1399-1398 در مدارس مشغول تحصیل بودند با محدودۀ سنی 12-18 سال (با میانگین سنی 36/15 سال و انحراف استاندارد 66/1) انتخاب شده و در پژوهش حاضر به‌صورت داوطلبانه شرکت کردند و پرسشنامه‌های تمایل به ادامۀ ورزش و تنظیم رفتار ورزشی را تکمیل کردند. داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده، به‌وسیلۀ نرم‌افزار spss24 مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند.
یافته‌ها
 یافته‌های تحقیق نشان دادند که از بین عوامل سطوح انگیزش، عدم انگیزه به‌صورت منفی و انگیزۀ درونی و همچنین تنظیم شناسایی‌شده به‌صورت مثبت، توانایی پیش‌بینی میل به ادامه ورزش را دارند؛ اما سایر سطوح پیوستار انگیزش اعم از انگیزۀ بیرونی و تنظیم متمایل به درون توانایی پیش‌بینی میل به ادامه ورزش را ندارند. بر این اساس و به‌صورت کلی می‌توان گفت که در ایجاد میل به ادامۀ ورزش در دختران نوجوان، نوع انگیزۀ به وجود آمده در آنان در جریان کلاس‌های ورزش، می‌تواند عاملی پیش‌بینی کننده باشد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری
نتایج پژوهش حاضر می‌تواند در تدوین برنامه‌های آموزش ورزش در مدارس دختران نوجوان و در جهت‌دهی این فرایند، مؤثر واقع شود. به‌این‌ترتیب که با تلاش برای ایجاد انگیزه‌هایی خودمختار در دانش‌آموزان در سطوح بالاتر آن، تمایل برای ادامۀ ورزش در دختران نوجوان را در آینده و در فضای خارج از مدرسه نیز افزایش دهیم. از طرف دیگر، این نتایج می‌تواند به روانشناسان ورزشی علاقه‌مند به بررسی انگیزش در ورزش به‌خصوص ورزش مدارس و همچنین جامعه‌شناسانی که به بررسی عوامل تأثیرگذار بر فعالیت همگانی افراد در میادین ورزشی می‌باشند، کمک کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Relationship between Continuum Levels of Motivation and Intention to Continue Physical Activities in Adolescent Female Students: A Self-Determination Theory Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • الهام خداداده 1
  • Zahra Fathirezaei 2
1 M.Sc. Student of Motor Behavior, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between, The levels of motivation and Intention to Continue Physical Activities in female adolescent students. 221 female adolescent students of East Aderbayjan province aged 18-12 years in 2019-2019 were selected by multistage cluster sampling and completed exercise continuity and exercise behavior regulation questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS24 software. The findings showed that among the factors of motivation levels, lack of motivation negatively and internal motivation as well as positively identified regulation, they have the ability to predict the Intention to Continue Physical Activities. However, other levels of continuity of motivation, including external motivation and introjected regulation, do not have the ability to predict the desire to continue exercising. Accordingly, it can be said that in creating a desire to continue exercising in adolescent girls, the type of motivation they have created during exercise classes can be a predicting factor.
 
Long Abstract
Introduction
Due to the importance of examining motivation in school sports classes, especially adolescent girls' schools, due to the lack of physical activity in this community and age group, as well as the lack of research background to examine the relationship between motivation and desire to continue sports In teenage girls, in the present study, the relationship between the type of motivation created in adolescent female students in school sports classes and the desire to continue exercising in the future was investigated.
Research Tools
The method of the present study is correlation, which was done descriptively and in the field with the aim of being applied. The statistical population of the study was all female students in the first and second grades of high schools in East Azerbaijan province. In this study, from two cities of the province, including Khajeh and Azarshahr, from three high schools (first and second grades), 221 female students with an age range of 12- 18 years (with an average of 15.36 years and a standard deviation of 1.66), who were studying in schools in 2018- 2019, were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling and participated in the present study voluntarily and completed the questionnaires of willingness to continue sports and adjust sports behavior. The collected data were analyzed by spss24 software.
Research Findings
Findings showed that among the factors of motivation levels, lack of negative motivation and intrinsic motivation as well as positively identified adjustment, have the ability to predict the desire to continue exercising. But other continuous levels of motivation, including external motivation and inward adjustment, do not have the ability to predict the desire to continue exercising. In this regard and generally, it can be said that in creating a desire to continue exercising in adolescent girls, the type of motivation created in them during sports classes, can be a predictive factor.
Conclusion
The results of the present study can be effective in developing sports education programs in adolescent girls' schools and in directing this process. In this way, by trying to create autonomous motivation in students at higher levels, we will increase the desire of adolescent girls to continue exercising in the future and outside of school. On the other hand, these results can help sports psychologists interested in studying motivation in sports, especially school sports, as well as sociologists who study the factors that affect the general activity of people in sports fields.
reference
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-     Behzadnia, B,. Keshtidar, M. (2019). Predicting Students’ Intention to Continue Physical Activities Based on Teachers' Behaviors: A Self-Determination Theory Approach. Applied Research in Sport Management; 7(3): 21-32. (in persian).
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-     Piri, M., Ahar,S., Mahmoudi,A.(2015). Comparison of gender differences in the motivation of athletic participation of student-athletes. (in Persian).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • motivation
  • Intention to Continue
  • girl adolescents
  • sport
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